Flanges are pipe fittings used to connect pipes, valves, pumps, and equipment through bolted joints. Types include Weld Neck, Slip-On, Blind, Socket Weld, and Threaded flanges. Flanged connections allow easy assembly, inspection, and maintenance. They are designed to withstand high pressure, temperature, and mechanical stress. Widely used in industrial plants, refineries, and power stations. Flanges ensure strong sealing and alignment in piping systems. Their versatility makes them critical for heavy-duty applications.